PNPLA3 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: With the implementation of a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on liver fat, more than twenty single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been involved in the pathogenesis of NAFLD, for instance, rs738409 (C>G, pI148 M) of patatin-like phospholipase-domain-containing 3 (PNPLA3) and rs58542926 (C>T, pE167K) of transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2 (TM6SF2) (7).