The 2022 STAR-RA population-based study, which evaluated Medicare data on patients which initiated treatment with tofacitinib or TNF inhibitors, showed no difference in the incidence rates of myocardial infarction and stroke between the two groups, even when the analysis was restricted to patients with similar CV risk factors to those of the patients enrolled in the ORAL Surveillance study (156). This evidence concerns the gene TNF and Stroke.