ACTB and ductal breast carcinoma in situ: However, for some genes such as ACTB, expression patterns changed in opposing directions in the invasive cancer relative to the sampled DCIS clone (expression is higher than P1-green DCIS (FDR = 0.02) and lower than P1-purple DCIS (FDR = 0.013)) or were highly specific to a genetically more distant DCIS clone (Extended Data Fig. 5f).