TH and Parkinson disease: Intriguingly, although overexpression of SLC1A5_var was observed in both astrocytes (marked by GFAP in Fig. 1J) and DA neurons (marked by TH in Supplementary Fig. S1G), dramatic decline of SLC1A5_var was mostly found in astrocytes (Fig. 1K, L) but not in DA neurons (Supplementary Fig. S1H–I), indicating astrocytic SLC1A5_var may play crucial roles in PD progression.