In this study, the preoperative testing results and demographic characteristics of the model cohort were analyzed in conjunction with postoperative pathological data, and 8 factors—increased CA19-9, increased CEA, increased NLR, increased MCHC, non-O blood group, age > 55 years, cyst located in the head or neck of the pancreas, and unclear cyst imaging border—were finally identified as independent predictors of malignant PCN. This evidence concerns the gene CEACAM5 and cyst.