To explore how the p21-mediated modulation of MDM phagocytic activity toward leukemia cells could be used therapeutically, we first showed the adoptive transfer of CFSE-labeled human Mos into total body-irradiated NOD.Cg-PrkdcscidIl2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ (NSG) mice generated CFSE+ anti-inflammatory macrophages, which were detected in the bone marrow (BM) and the spleen within 7 d after Mo adoptive transfer (Supplementary Fig. 9a–c, f). The gene discussed is CTSG; the disease is leukemia.