IFNE and neoplasm: As previously reported, Ifnb1 could be induced in vitro by a cGAS-STING agonist, yet in vivo it was more highly expressed in CD45+ cells than in tumor cells; by contrast, other IFNs, particularly Ifne, were not induced by these stimuli in vitro and showed preferential expression in tumor cells (Fig. 8h–j and Extended Data Fig. 8d).