Fig 3D also shows spikes of 11 nm on the upper surface of the particles in the image, and many of the surfaces were covered with some kind of protein, although most were not clear. Because these VLPs were made from single infection of CC-AcNPV, the spike of ∼11 nm in length is likely to be a CC protein. Then, when we observed CCFkH5-VLPs produced of co-infection of FkH5-AcNPV and CC-AcNPV, we noticed a part covered by a 14-nm HA-like spike and an area covered by some structures shorter than HA-like spikes (Fig 3E–G). Here, CXCR1 is linked to coinfection.