It is possible that women taking insulin did not have IR, especially women with type 1 diabetes; however, less than 1% of those with diabetes have type 1,35 and many have overweight or obesity and have IR.36 In SWAN, the body mass index of women with insulin-treated diabetes did not differ from that of women not treated with insulin with HOMA-IR values greater than 5.9 mLU/L. Here, INS is linked to Obesity.