In this study, it was demonstrated that the beneficial effects of Shunaoxin pill on diabetic cognitive impairment are mediated by the active ingredients hexadecanoic acid, stigmasterol, beta-sitosterol, and angelicin on the diabetic cognitive impairment-related proteins OPRK1, GABRA5, GABRP, and SCN3B. This evidence concerns the gene GABRA5 and Cognitive impairment.