Our main findings, in cross-sectional analysis, include a positive association of serum adiponectin with increased HDL-C in both the RE and RUE groups, as has been observed in other cross-sectional studies.48,49 Second, and in keeping with our first hypotheses, higher s-ADP and lower leptin and L/A ratio were associated with lower MetS prevalence at baseline. Here, ADIPOQ is linked to metabolic syndrome.