PRKN and Parkinson disease: This has been clearly shown with SNCA, the gene that encodes α-synuclein, where increased PINK1/Parkin activity, reduced Parkin translocation, defective complex I activity, or defective targeting of mitochondria for autophagy have been implicated with the SNCA-PD association (Chinta et al., 2010; Chen et al., 2018; Shaltouki et al., 2018; Erustes et al., 2021).