This finding has been replicated in primary mouse cell lines and standard cell lines that exogenously express human TDP-43 (hTDP-43) harboring ALS-associated mutations as well as C-terminal TDP-43 fragments (Hong et al., 2012; Wang et al., 2013; Wang P. et al., 2019; Jun et al., 2020). The gene discussed is TARDBP; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.