APOBEC1 and neoplasm: The “RAS/MAPK signaling pathway” and “RTK signaling pathway” can promote the growth and proliferation of tumor cells (Ledda and Paratcha, 2007; Rezatabar et al., 2019), while the “TSC/mTOR signaling pathway” can promote tumor angiogenesis (Jham et al., 2011), which may be another mechanism by which APOBEC1 plays a carcinogenic role.