BACE1 and Alzheimer disease: These studies reveal the mechanisms of therpaeutic effects of celastrol on AD: 1) inhibiting NF-kB activity and attenuating neuroinflammation in microglia and neurons, 2) reducing accumulation of neurofibrillary tangles by activating transcription factor EB-mediated autophagy and lysosome biogenesis, 3) inhibiting Aβ production by inhibition of BACE-1 in neurons, 4) increasing the expression of Hsp70 in mature brain cortical cultures while decreasing the expression of Hsp90 in neurons.