Another core-shell nanostructure composed of Calcium-Phosphate (CaP) dendrimer was developed as a dual-targeted therapy using a small interfering RNA (siRNA) against immune checkpoint ligand PD-L1 and the plasmid DNA (pDNA) encoding immunostimulatory cytokine IL-2 to modulate the TME and activate immune effector cells for Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) treatment. This evidence concerns the gene IL2 and hepatocellular carcinoma.