TNF and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Cytokines like interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10, or CXCL10) were shown to be higher in plasma of early oral SCC (OSCC) compared to healthy controls (8), while interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL8, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as well as IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) were detected in the serum of HNSCC patients (9).