CXCL12 and cancer: The M2-like TAM phenotype is driven by different stimuli within TME which include PGE2 [171], CCL2 [also known as monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1)] produced by both cancer cells and CAFs in PCa [172], CSF-1 as well as GM-CSF and TGFβ produced by cancer and stromal cells which strongly contribute to macrophages polarization and immunosuppressive environment formation [173], CXCL12 and IL-6 (Figure 2P) [174].