Most studies have used Toll- and Imd-impaired mutants to validate the role of these key pathways in the defense against subsequent infections (Apidianakis et al., 2005; Pham et al., 2007; Aymeric et al., 2010; Christofi and Apidianakis, 2013; Wen et al., 2019; Cabrera et al., 2022). This evidence concerns the gene TLR4 and infection.