One study claimed that the combined effect of LRRK2-G2019S mutation increased the levels of autophagy markers p62 and LC3 in dopaminergic neurons produced from induced pluripotent stem cells from PD patients, showing a link between aberrant autophagy and G2019S-induced neurotoxicity (Liu et al., 2008). This evidence concerns the gene LRRK2 and Parkinson disease.