With the aim of developing a therapy that could target LSCs in AML, we deeply investigated the anti-leukaemia activity of CAR.CD123-NK cells on all CD123+ subsets of AML primary samples, including the most mature CD38+ CD34−, the intermediate CD38+CD34+ and the undifferentiated CD38−CD34+ leukaemic cells. The gene discussed is CD38; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.