The pooled population consisted of 51,496 patients with T2DM and CKD, 14,847 of them were in finerenone studies (7246 in the intervention group and 7601 in control group), 25,098 patients in SGLT-2i studies (13,260 in the intervention group and 11,838 in control group) and 11,551 patients in GLP-1 RA studies (5355 in the group treated with GLP-1 RA and 5796 in the control group). The gene discussed is GCG; the disease is chronic kidney disease.