SMAD4 and cholangiocarcinoma: Lowery et al. reported the genome profiling of CCA patients, including 152 iCCA and 43 eCCA, from Caucasian (89.2%, 174/195), Asian (7.1%, 14/195) and African American (3.6%, 7/195) patients and found that the most common mutations were IDH1, TP53, ARID1A, BAP1, KRAS, PBKM1, SMAD4 and ATM15.