Whereas DC numbers and CD86 expression were comparable in tumors from these animals (Supplementary Fig. 6d), the frequencies of active IFN-γ-expressing CD8+ T cells in the tumor (but not splenic) tissues were increased by ablation of ATF3 but decreased in response to the loss of CH25H in DCs regardless of the ATF3 status (Fig. 6f). This evidence concerns the gene CD8A and neoplasm.