In a previous study based on HLA antigen frequencies in patients with glioma, patients positive for HLA-A*25 had a 3.0-fold increased risk of glioma (P = 0.04) and patients positive for HLA-B*27, a 2.7-fold risk (P = 0.03), compared with the control population. The gene discussed is HLA-B; the disease is central nervous system cancer.