In subjects with T2DM who were not using insulin, the serum SerpinB1 levels were negatively correlated with T-Chol (β = -0.603, P <0.001), LDL-Chol (β = -0.590, P = 0.001), and γGTP (β = -0.387, P = 0.043), and tended to be associated with higher HOMA2-%S (β = 0.343, P = 0.095) after adjusting for age and sex (Model 1) (S4 Table in S1 File). This evidence concerns the gene SERPINB1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.