Elevation of FHL-1, independent of FH, is particularly striking since FHL-1 is a spice variant and as such is driven from the same promoter as FH, implying an altered regulation of splicing, translation or degradation of this shorter isoform compared to its larger and more abundant counterpart, an observation that we have also made in age-related macular degeneration (24) and glioblastoma (30). Here, FH is linked to age-related macular degeneration.