These included WNT/β-catenin/TCF4 mediated TOPFlash promoter activity, lipid raft localization assays, internalization/endosomal sorting and nuclear trafficking analysis, cell viability, Annexin V positive cells expressing cell apoptosis, tumor sphere formation, xenograft tumor growth, and MDR1 and CD44v6 transcriptions through a nuclear CD44v6-TCF4 complex. The gene discussed is TCF4; the disease is neoplasm.