These include endothelial dysfunction triggered by salt loading because the mitochondrial Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCLX) causes increased Na+ import into the mitochondrial matrix, which impedes oxidative phosphorylation, thereby limiting ATP production in endothelial cells.129,130 NOS inhibition by L-NNA used to generate spreading ischemia was 91% in a previous study with a similar design.5 Mechanisms that further reduce the low residual NOS activity might also contribute to prolonged spreading ischemia. Here, NOS1 is linked to ischemia.