IGF2R and hypertrophy: For example, it inhibits IGF-II receptor signaling pathway by estrogen receptor, so as to play an anti-apoptotic role in cardiomyocytes (14); it exerts an anti-cardiac hypertrophy effect via inhibiting the Leu27IGF-II-IGF2R signaling pathway (15); it plays an anti-cancer effect by down-regulating the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/activator protein-1 (AP-1) signaling pathway (16); it improve cerebral vascular endothelial damage caused by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting the Src signaling pathway (17), and so on.