In a separate research, it was found that HOTAIR functions as a sponge for miR-136-5p, increasing AKT2-mediated NF-kB activation and hence favoring the microglial shift towards a proinflammatory M1-like phenotype (Duan et al., 2018), which is harmful in MS. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is myeloid sarcoma.