Compared to their Ramp1WT counterparts, we found that intratumoral Ramp1−/− CD8+ T cells expressed fewer pro-exhaustion transcription factors (Tox and Eomes) and markers (Pdcd1 (encoding PD-1), Lag3 and Tim3 (also known as Havcr2); Fig. 5c). Overall, CGRP-unresponsive Ramp1−/− CD8+ T cells are protected against undergoing nociceptor-induced exhaustion, which safeguards their anti-tumour responses. Here, PDCD1 is linked to neoplasm.