Interestingly, analysis of these five genes in PCa and NOR using TCGA datasets showed that CSF1 (P = 0.0017), CXCL8 (P = 0.0166), IGF1 (P = 0.008), and HIF1A (P = 0.0237) were also significantly downregulated in PCa (Mann–Whitney U test; Fig. 6B.1–B.4). Here, HIF1A is linked to posterior cortical atrophy.