To analyze the expression of cancer stemness relative genes in RCC cells with dysregulated miR-181d-5p expression, RT-qPCR assays showed that the mRNA of OCT4 and ALDH1A1 were distinctly upregulated in miR-181d-5p mimic group and decreased in miR-181d-5p inhibitor group (Fig. 5D). This evidence concerns the gene ALDH1A1 and renal cell carcinoma.