RNF43 and cancer: To probe into the effects of miR-181d-5p/RNF43/Wnt signaling pathway axis on cancer stemness and RCC progression in vivo, we firstly constructed miR-181d-5p stably overexpressed or blocked ACHN cells with miR-181d-5p overexpression lentivirus or sponge lentivirus, respectively (Fig. 9A).