Among them, the NLRP3 inflammasome composed of NLRP3, pro-caspase-1, and ASC has been researched extensively, which can be effectively activated by viral infection, leading to the oversecretion of the cytokines involved in inflammatory responses (such as IL-1β, IL-18) and promoting the development of inflammatory diseases [39–42]. Here, IL1B is linked to viral infectious disease.