In asthma pathogenesis, nuclear polymorphisms in suppression of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) and SOCS3 are associated with allergic inflammation, and reduced levels of SOCS3 were found in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples of asthmatic as well as allergen- and cigarette smoke-challenged mice [25]. This evidence concerns the gene SOCS3 and asthma.