The NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a key inflammasome expressed by microglia [2], and is activated by multiple protein aggregates associated with neurodegenerative disease including α-synuclein in Parkinson’s disease (PD), amyloid-β in Alzheimer’s disease, and TDP43 and SOD1 aggregates in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis [4–6]. The gene discussed is TARDBP; the disease is Parkinson disease.