Furthermore, the association of MPP to mitophagy/apoptosis via the phosphatase and tensin homolog induced kinase (PINK)1-Parkin signaling pathway might contribute to the importance of Pmpca and Pmpcb for breast cancer growth, as already shown in human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 and MCF7 cells (74, 75). Here, PMPCA is linked to breast carcinoma.