BAX and colonic neoplasm: In human colon cancer cells HT116, β-sitosterol reduced the expression of Bcl-2 and inhibited the apoptosis of protein-1 (cIAP1) while inducing the activation of BAX and cytochrome C. It also reduced tumor size in a dose-dependent manner and induced apoptosis in HCT116 colorectal cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo through the EGFR/Akt pathway (Kawk et al., 2021).