INS and polycystic ovary syndrome: Studies have shown that quercetin can intervene in the development of PCOS, EMs and POI in a multi-targeted and multi-pathway manner (Park et al., 2019; Chen et al., 2022; Zheng et al., 2022), while quercetin supplementation significantly increased the relative abundance of Akkermansia and reduced the ratio of F/B in obese mice (Tan et al., 2021), improved LPS-induced inflammatory damage (Bian et al., 2018), maintained glucolipid metabolic homeostasis and promoting the production of SCFAs to enhance insulin sensitivity and improve the inflammatory response.