Although IL-17A was initially identified as a critical inflammatory mediator in the pathogenesis of several autoimmune diseases (Raychaudhuri, 2013; Luchtman et al., 2014), emerging evidence indicates that IL-17A also contributes to the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases, including cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury, atherosclerosis, myocarditis, and dilated cardiomyopathy (Liao et al., 2012; Wu et al., 2014; Robert and Miossec, 2017), primarily by evoking substantial production of various inflammatory mediators. The gene discussed is IL17A; the disease is atherosclerosis.