A higher mean of IL-1β levels in uncomplicated malaria than healthy controls was observed in studies using the bead-based assay (pooled MD: 0.48 pg/mL, 95% CI 0.06–0.90 pg/mL, I2: 69.64%, three studies, Fig. 5) and studies using ELISA for IL-1β quantification (pooled MD: 3.54 pg/mL, 95% CI 2.03–5.05 pg/mL, I2: 83.73%, three studies, Fig. 5). Here, IL1B is linked to malaria.