To address this, tumor cells derived from NSCLC patient tumors (n = 6) were transplanted as xenografts into immunocompromised (Rag2−/−Il2r−/−) MISTRG-6 mice (n = 6) in which five genes were humanized (knock-in for human Il3, Thpo, Csf1, Csf2, and Il-6; Rongvaux et al., 2014; Yu et al., 2017; Fig. 2 A). This evidence concerns the gene CSF2 and neoplasm.