Bhlhe40 is induced by various stress stimuli, such as hypoxia, tumor necrosis factor-α, irradiation, paclitaxel, and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) (24), and participates in several pathogenic processes, including inflammation, apoptosis, tumor growth, and fibrosis (11, 25, 26). Here, TGFB1 is linked to neoplasm.