Recently, studies demonstrated that cardiomyocyte (CM) NLRP3 inflammasome activation and NF-κB activation are key proarrhythmic mediators of multiple pathophysiological signals in AF and have direct effects on atrial fibrosis, ion channel, and connexin dysfunction in mouse and rabbit atria (4, 6, 7). Here, NLRP3 is linked to atrial fibrillation.