It has been reported that SA could inhibit acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis by regulating the MAPK/NF-κB pathway in mice (Niu et al., 2013), mitigate inflammatory responses in porcine jejunal cells (Palócz et al., 2019), and enhance growth performance in broilers by modulating gut microbiome (Liu et al., 2020). Here, NFKB1 is linked to ulcerative colitis.