Patients with PCa recurrence have been identified, and twenty-three CpG methylated sites have been found in both patients with and without recurrence, including CpGs in glucokinase (GCK), cyclin-dependent kinase like 2 (CDKL2), PR/SET domain 13 (PRDM13), and zinc finger RNA binding protein 2 (ZFR2). Here, GCK is linked to posterior cortical atrophy.