Similar to the results for murine dDCs, IDO expression and IL-10 expression in the Tim-3-neutralization infection group of human dDCs were downregulated compared with those in the infected human dDCs groups [Lin−HLA-DR+, t-test, t(6) = 6.213, P = 0.0008], [Lin−HLA-DR+, t-test, t(5) = 15.17, P < 0.0001] (Fig. 4c–f). Here, IL10 is linked to infection.