Within CD8+ T cells, the ATS signature was linked to the terms Rheumatoid arthritis, Phagosome, Malaria, Hematopoietic cell lineage, Leishmaniasis, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, osteoclast differentiation, Legionellosis, and Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction(Fig. 7E), implying that the ATS signature has a chronic immune-inflammation implication in CD8+ T cells. Here, CD8A is linked to malaria.