Combined with the anti-PD-1 therapy, CQ/HCQ targeting palmitoyl protein thioesterase 1 (PPT1), a novel regulator of cancer cell autophagy, enhances the anti-tumor immune response by switching the macrophage M2 to M1 phenotype, lowering MDSCs, and increasing T cell-mediated cytotoxicity (142). Here, PPT1 is linked to neoplasm.