• Inducing anti-tumor activity of HPV-16-specific T cells• Modulating immunosuppressive signals in the TME in patients with HPV-16+ cervical cancer• The reported adverse effects were elevation of transaminase and lipase, fever, injection site reaction, nausea, and fatigue• The frequency of infiltrated CD3+CD8+PD-1+ cytotoxic T cells and CD68+PD-L1− and CD68+PD-L1+ macrophages in the TME were significantly increased and directly associated with clinical response• Clinical response was correlated with the expression of IFN-γ response-associated genes. Here, CD68 is linked to neoplasm.