In addition, P2X7 activation on microglia has been implicated in the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) (Matute et al., 2007; Grygorowicz and Struzynska, 2019), Alzheimer disease (AD) (McLarnon et al., 2006), and stroke (Franke et al., 2004; Melani et al., 2006; Skaper et al., 2006), which are often associated with an increased release of IL-1β (Boutin et al., 2001; Rampe et al., 2004; Jin et al., 2008; Sanz et al., 2009; Maysami et al., 2016; Grygorowicz and Struzynska, 2019). The gene discussed is P2RX7; the disease is Alzheimer disease.